Tariff measures affecting Japan

On July 24, 2026 — the day the Section 122 surcharge lapsed — USTR imposed additional duties of 10% or 12.5% ad valorem on products of 60 economies under Section 301, concluding investigations into each economy's failure to impose or enforce a ban on imports made with forced labor. The rate is set per economy: for example Canada, Mexico, India, the United Kingdom, Malaysia and Indonesia pay 10%; China, Vietnam, Brazil and Thailand pay 12.5%; the EU and Taiwan pay 10% and Japan, Korea and Switzerland 12.5%, each assessed net of the MFN rate. Articles subject to Section 232 duties are exempt, as are annex-listed products for several economies, and goods loaded before July 24 that entered before July 28, 2026.

Current rate: 10% or 12.5% additional ad valorem by economy (EU and Taiwan 10%, Japan, Korea and Switzerland 12.5%, each net of the MFN rate); goods subject to Section 232 duties and annex-listed products are exempt

Hours after the Supreme Court struck down the IEEPA tariffs, the administration imposed a 10% global import surcharge under Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974. Section 122 caps such surcharges at 150 days unless Congress extends them, and no extension was published, so the surcharge expired on July 24, 2026 and is no longer collected. The Court of International Trade had separately ruled it unlawful on May 7, 2026; that appeal still matters because duties paid while it was in force may become refundable. The Section 301 forced-labor tariffs of 10–12.5% took effect on the same day it lapsed.

Current rate: No longer collected — the surcharge lapsed on July 24, 2026 at the end of its 150-day statutory maximum. It was 10% ad valorem on most imports, all origins.

The April 2025 'Liberation Day' executive order imposed a 10% baseline tariff on nearly all imports plus higher country-specific rates. After a year of pauses, extensions, and litigation, the Supreme Court ruled 6–3 on February 20, 2026 that IEEPA does not authorize tariffs, voiding the entire program. Duties already paid — industry estimates run as high as $175 billion — are potentially refundable; the administration replaced part of the program with a Section 122 surcharge the same day.

National-security tariffs on steel, in place since 2018 and sharply expanded in 2025–26: the rate doubled to 50% in June 2025, country exemptions ended, the duty base now covers the full customs value of derivative articles, and hundreds of downstream products were added. Proclamation 11032 reset the base rate to 25% from June 8, 2026 through December 31, 2027, with a 15% combined floor for listed partners including the EU, UK, Japan and Korea and a 15% transitional rate for certain metal-intensive equipment. Unaffected by the Supreme Court's IEEPA ruling.

Current rate: 25% on steel articles and derivatives (reduced from 50% on June 8, 2026, through December 31, 2027); 15% combined floor for the EU, UK, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Argentina, Ecuador, El Salvador and Guatemala; 10% for derivatives made entirely (at least 85% by weight) from U.S.-smelted steel; USMCA goods dutied on non-U.S. content with a 15% floor

National-security tariffs on aluminum, expanded in lockstep with steel: 50% from June 2025 for all origins, derivative coverage broadened repeatedly, duties assessed on full customs value since April 2026, and — since Proclamation 11032 — a 25% base rate from June 8, 2026 through December 31, 2027 with a 15% combined floor for listed partners and a 15% transitional rate for certain equipment. A July 2026 proclamation lets companies building U.S. primary-aluminum capacity import at half the rate. Unaffected by the Supreme Court's IEEPA ruling.

Current rate: 25% on aluminum articles and derivatives (reduced from 50% on June 8, 2026, through December 31, 2027); 15% combined floor for the EU, UK, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Argentina, Ecuador, El Salvador and Guatemala; 10% for derivatives made entirely (at least 85% by weight) from U.S.-smelted aluminum; half rate for approved onshoring plans

50% tariffs on semi-finished copper and copper-intensive derivative products, effective August 2025 — the first Section 232 action on copper. The regime was folded into the unified metals framework in 2026: expanded coverage in April, further adjustments and a 15% transitional rate for certain categories in June, running through December 31, 2027.

Current rate: 50% on semi-finished copper and most derivatives; some categories at 25% or the 15% transitional rate

25% tariffs on imported passenger vehicles and light trucks since April 2025, extended to key auto parts in May 2025. USMCA-qualifying vehicles are tariffed only on non-U.S. content, and an import-adjustment offset phases down support for U.S. assemblers. Unaffected by the IEEPA ruling.

Current rate: 25% on passenger vehicles, light trucks, and listed auto parts

25% tariffs on imported medium- and heavy-duty vehicles and parts, and 10% on buses, effective November 1, 2025 under a Section 232 national-security finding.

Current rate: 25% on medium- and heavy-duty vehicles and parts; 10% on buses

A narrowly targeted 25% tariff on advanced semiconductors above defined performance thresholds (high-end AI accelerators and their derivative assemblies), effective January 15, 2026. Broad exemptions cover U.S. data centers, startups, R&D, and public-sector uses. The measure followed months of much broader verbal threats — up to '100% on all chips' — that were never formalized at that scope.

Current rate: 25% on semiconductors above defined performance thresholds and derivative products

The April 2026 proclamation imposes pharmaceutical tariffs in two phases. Duties have applied since July 31, 2026 to companies listed in Annex III; other companies are scheduled for September 29, 2026. The default rate on patented pharmaceuticals and ingredients is 100%, with 15% treatment for the EU, Japan, South Korea, and Switzerland, zero for the UK, and 20% or 0% for companies with approved U.S. onshoring agreements. Generics remain excluded for now.

Current rate: For covered Annex III companies: 100% default on patented pharmaceuticals; 15% EU/JP/KR/CH; 0% UK; 20% or 0% under approved company agreements

Tariffs on softwood timber and lumber (10%) and on upholstered furniture, kitchen cabinets, and vanities (25% and up), effective October 14, 2025, with scheduled escalations for furniture categories and country-deal carve-outs added by amendment in January 2026.

Current rate: 10% on softwood timber and lumber; 25%+ on upholstered furniture, kitchen cabinets, and vanities

Proclamation 11055 of August 13, 2026 imposes Section 232 duties on unmanned aircraft systems and their components: 100% on UAS over 25 kg, thermal-imaging UAS, docking stations and listed critical components (Annex I) and 25% on UAS of 25 kg or less (Annex II), for goods entered on or after September 3, 2026. A further 25% on Annex III components starts February 9, 2027. Where importers certify that substantially all critical components and technology originate in Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Switzerland, Liechtenstein or the EU the rate is capped at 15%, and at 10% for the United Kingdom. Vendors on the Defense Department's Blue UAS list or the FCC's conditional-approval list get a 180-day delay.

Current rate: 100% on Annex I articles (UAS over 25 kg, thermal-imaging UAS, docking stations, critical components); 25% on Annex II (UAS of 25 kg or less); capped at 15% for certified Japan/Korea/Taiwan/Switzerland/Liechtenstein/EU content and 10% for the UK

Proclamation 11052 of August 6, 2026 imposes an additional 15% ad valorem Section 232 duty on polysilicon, polysilicon ingots and the derivative products listed in its annexes — the solar-supply-chain inputs from wafers through cells and modules — for goods entered on or after December 4, 2026. For products of Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and EU members the Section 232 duty plus the Column 1 rate totals 15%; the United Kingdom rate is 10%. The duty stacks on existing Section 301 solar rates and antidumping and countervailing duties unless the proclamation says otherwise.

Current rate: Not yet collected — 15% additional ad valorem from December 4, 2026 on polysilicon, ingots and annex-listed derivatives; for Japan/Korea/Taiwan/Switzerland/Liechtenstein/EU products the Section 232 duty plus the Column 1 rate totals 15%; UK 10%

The $800 de minimis exemption, which let low-value shipments enter duty-free with minimal data, was suspended for all countries from August 29, 2025 by Executive Order 14324 and continued after the IEEPA ruling. On June 24, 2026 CBP made the suspension indefinite in its own regulations under 19 U.S.C. 1321, stating it would do so regardless of the executive orders, and created a new postal informal-entry process that requires 10-digit HTS classification, bonded filers and monthly duty payment. Congress separately repealed de minimis by statute effective July 1, 2027. Every low-value shipment now needs a formal or informal entry and pays whatever duties apply to the goods.

Current rate: No duty-free threshold: low-value shipments pay the duties that apply to the goods (MFN plus any Section 232, Section 301 or other additional duties)